Activated carbon is a porous adsorbent usually made from natural or artificial raw materials. The following are some common raw materials that can be used to prepare activated carbon:

1. Wood: Wood is one of the most common activated carbon raw materials. Various hardwoods and softwoods, such as oak, fir, willow, etc., can be used to prepare activated carbon.

2. Coconut shell: Coconut shell is a commonly used raw material. Its shell has high hardness, loose fiber structure, and good pore structure, making it suitable for preparing activated carbon.

3. Coal: Coal can also be used to prepare activated carbon, but it usually needs to go through a special carbonization process to remove impurities and increase the pore structure.

4. Fruit shells: Different types of fruit shells, such as olive shells, peach stone shells, walnut shells, etc., can also be used as raw materials for activated carbon.

5. Bamboo: Bamboo has a natural porous structure, so it can also be used to prepare activated carbon.

6. Petroleum coke: Petroleum coke is a by-product produced during petroleum processing. It can be prepared into activated carbon after appropriate treatment.

7. Waste: Some waste, such as pulp waste residue, biomass waste, etc., can also be prepared into activated carbon after appropriate treatment, which is beneficial to resource reuse and environmental protection.

In general, almost any carbon-rich organic matter can be used as the raw material for activated carbon. As long as it undergoes appropriate treatment and carbonization process, it can be prepared into activated carbon products with certain adsorption properties. The choice of raw materials usually depends on available resources, production costs, adsorption properties and other factors.