In the production process of activated carbon, the carbonization process is a very critical step. Carbonization is the process of heating original carbon sources (such as wood materials, certain crop wastes, etc.) at high temperatures to cause chemical changes to form carbonized products. During this process, the inorganic matter, moisture and organic matter in the original carbon source will be decomposed and volatilized, leaving a carbonaceous skeleton. The main purpose of the carbonization process is to remove impurities from the original carbon source and improve the purity and pore structure of the product.

The key parameters of the carbonization process include carbonization temperature, carbonization time and carbonization atmosphere. The carbonization temperature is usually between 500°C and 900°C. High temperature can promote the carbonization reaction, but too high a temperature may lead to sintering and loss of the carbonized product. The carbonization time depends on the nature of the original carbon source and the carbonization temperature, and usually takes several hours to dozens of hours. The carbonization atmosphere can be an oxygen-free atmosphere or a low-oxygen atmosphere to prevent the combustion of the original carbon source and the oxidation of the carbonization products.

By controlling the carbonization process parameters, the pore structure and surface chemical properties of activated carbon can be adjusted, thereby affecting its adsorption performance. Carbonization temperature and time can affect the pore development of activated carbon. High temperature and long-term carbonization can generate more micropores and mesoporous structures, increasing the specific surface area and adsorption capacity of activated carbon. The carbonization atmosphere can affect the surface chemical properties of activated carbon, such as the type and content of surface functional groups, thereby affecting its selective adsorption capacity for different substances.

In short, the carbonization process plays a vital role in the production of activated carbon. By reasonably controlling the carbonization parameters, activated carbon products with ideal adsorption properties can be obtained.