Peanut shells can be converted into biochar through pyrolysis or carbonization processes. The following are the general steps for preparing biochar:

1. Raw material preparation: Firstly, it is necessary to collect sufficient peanut shells as raw materials. Peanut shells are plant residues that can usually be obtained from farmland or agricultural processing.

2. Crushing and crushing: Peanut shells are usually very hard, so they need to be crushed and crushed to reduce particle size and make them easier to handle and carbonize.

3. Carbonization process: Carbonization is the process of decomposing raw materials into carbon at high temperatures. Usually, peanut shells are carbonized in environments with no or low oxygen to avoid combustion and achieve carbonization. The carbonization temperature is usually between 300 ° C and 800 ° C, and this temperature range can be adjusted according to the required properties of biochar. Carbonization can be carried out in a closed reactor to control temperature and atmosphere.

4. Cooling: After carbonization is completed, the biochar needs to be cooled to room temperature or lower. This helps to stabilize the structure of biochar.

5. Crushing and screening: Biochar is usually further crushed and screened to obtain the required particle size and uniformity.

6. Packaging and storage: Finally, biochar will be packaged and stored for future use. Biochar can be used in various fields such as soil improvement, water treatment, gas adsorption, and solid waste treatment. The key to preparing biochar is to control the temperature, atmosphere, and time of the carbonization process to achieve the desired characteristics of biochar. Different raw materials and carbonization conditions can produce biochar with different properties, so experiments and optimization are needed in production. In addition, the use of biochar also needs to be selected and adjusted based on its characteristics.